When is a patient considered at a higher risk of infection?

A patient is considered at a higher risk of infection when they have broken skin or are immunocompromised. This is primarily due to the body’s natural barriers against pathogens being compromised. Broken skin is an entry point for microorganisms, which can lead to infections, particularly if the wound becomes contaminated. Additionally, individuals who are immunocompromised, whether due to a medical condition, medication, or other factors, have a weakened immune system. This diminishes their ability to fight off infections, making them more susceptible to pathogens.

In contrast, a patient who is healthy and active generally has a strong immune system and intact skin, reducing their risk of infection. A low-grade fever can sometimes be a response to infection but does not alone indicate a higher risk of infection without the presence of other contributing factors. Finally, while receiving elective surgery may present a risk of infection due to the surgical procedure itself, it is not an inherent risk factor for all patients as long as proper infection control practices are followed. Therefore, the presence of broken skin or a compromised immune system stands out as clear indicators of increased infection risk.