What is the main purpose of administering erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to newborns?

Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is specifically administered to newborns to prevent eye infections, particularly those that can be caused by bacteria such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. The primary aim is to safeguard the infant's eyesight by reducing the risk of conjunctivitis or more severe eye complications that can lead to vision impairment.

Newborns are particularly vulnerable during birth since they may come into contact with bacterial pathogens present in the mother's birth canal. By applying this antibiotic ointment shortly after delivery, healthcare providers create a protective barrier that significantly lowers the risk of these infections, which can have serious consequences.

While the other choices mention aspects related to eye care, they do not accurately capture the primary medical intent behind the use of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, which is to prevent infections rather than protect against light or fulfill a legal requirement.